The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) achieved a milestone with the successful launch of the PSLV-C58 XPoSat (X-ray Polarimeter Satellite) mission, marking the 60th flight of the Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV). XPoSat is India’s inaugural dedicated polarimetry mission designed to explore the dynamics of bright astronomical X-ray sources. With this launch, India became the second nation, after the United States, to deploy an observatory for studying celestial phenomena such as black holes and neutron stars.

XPoSat carries two scientific payloads in low Earth orbit. The primary payload, POLIX (Polarimeter Instrument in X-rays), measures polarimetry parameters, while the XSPECT (X-ray Spectroscopy and Timing) payload provides spectroscopic information in the energy range of 0.8-15 keV. The launch signifies a significant leap in comprehending emission processes from astronomical sources like black holes, neutron stars, active galactic nuclei, and pulsar wind nebulae.

X-rays, emitted from objects at temperatures of millions of degrees Celsius, provide valuable insights into cosmic phenomena. XPoSat’s mission aims to unravel the mysteries of X-ray emissions, filling gaps left by previous space-based observatories. The success of XPoSat enhances India’s capabilities in space-based scientific research, contributing to a deeper understanding of celestial bodies and their emissions.