In a significant announcement, the Union Finance Minister revealed that nearly 25 crore individuals have been lifted from multi-dimensional poverty over the past decade. This remarkable achievement underscores India’s commitment to inclusive growth and socio-economic empowerment.
Understanding Multi-Dimensional Poverty Multi-dimensional poverty goes beyond mere income levels and encompasses various dimensions of deprivation, including access to education, healthcare, sanitation, and housing. It reflects the lack of essential resources and opportunities needed for a decent standard of living.
Understanding Poverty in India Poverty in India is a multifaceted issue characterized by the lack of financial resources and access to essential services necessary for a decent standard of living. Traditionally, poverty has been measured solely based on income or expenditure levels, overlooking the broader spectrum of deprivation faced by individuals and communities. However, poverty extends beyond economic constraints and encompasses various dimensions, including inadequate healthcare, education, sanitation, and housing.
Introduction to the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) offers a holistic framework for assessing poverty by considering multiple dimensions of deprivation. Globally, the MPI incorporates 10 indicators across health, education, and standard of living domains to provide a comprehensive understanding of poverty. In India, the MPI has been further enhanced to include two additional indicators—maternal health and access to bank accounts—to reflect the country’s specific socio-economic context and priorities.
Decline in Multidimensional Poverty Recent data reveals a significant reduction in multidimensional poverty in India, with the MPI declining from 29.17% in 2013-14 to 11.28% in 2022-23. This decline signifies the upliftment of approximately 24.82 crore people from poverty during this period. States such as Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh have witnessed substantial improvements, underscoring progress in poverty alleviation efforts at the regional level.
The Role of Government Policies Government initiatives and policies have played a pivotal role in tackling multi-dimensional poverty. Schemes such as the Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana, Atal Pension Yojana, and Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Yojana have expanded the social security net and provided financial assistance to vulnerable sections of society.
Rural Development and Livelihood Opportunities The Ministry of Rural Development has implemented programs aimed at increasing livelihood opportunities, empowering rural women, and improving infrastructure in rural areas. These efforts have helped uplift millions of individuals and families out of poverty.
Health and Nutrition Initiatives Initiatives such as the Poshan Abhiyan and Anaemia Mukt Bharat have been launched to address health and nutrition challenges, particularly among women and children. Access to affordable healthcare services and nutritious food is essential for breaking the cycle of poverty.
State-Level Progress States like Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh have recorded significant declines in multi-dimensional poverty. This highlights the importance of decentralized development strategies tailored to the specific needs of each region.
Challenges Ahead Despite progress, challenges remain in the fight against poverty. Economic slowdowns, policy uncertainties, and the COVID-19 pandemic have posed significant obstacles to poverty alleviation efforts. Addressing these challenges requires sustained commitment and innovative solutions.
Moving Forward Going forward, India must continue its efforts to eradicate multi-dimensional poverty and build a more inclusive society. This entails enhancing access to education, healthcare, and basic amenities, as well as promoting equitable economic growth and social development.
Conclusion The achievement of lifting 25 crore people out of multi-dimensional poverty is a testament to India’s resilience and determination to leave no one behind in its development journey. By prioritizing poverty eradication and inclusive policies, India can pave the way for a brighter and more prosperous future for all its citizens.